/*
   * (C) Copyright 2000
   * Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
   *
   * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
   */
  
  /*
   * Memory Functions
   *
   * Copied from FADS ROM, Dan Malek (dmalek@jlc.net)
   */
  
  #include <common.h>
  #include <bootretry.h>
  #include <cli.h>
  #include <command.h>
  #ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
  #include <dataflash.h>
  #endif
  #include <hash.h>
  #include <inttypes.h>
  #include <watchdog.h>
  #include <asm/io.h>
  #include <linux/compiler.h>
  
  DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;
  
  #ifndef CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_SCRATCH
  #define CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_SCRATCH 0
  #endif
  
  static int mod_mem(cmd_tbl_t *, int, int, int, char * const []);
  
  /* Display values from last command.
   * Memory modify remembered values are different from display memory.
   */
  static uint	dp_last_addr, dp_last_size;
  static uint	dp_last_length = 0x40;
  static uint	mm_last_addr, mm_last_size;
  
  static	ulong	base_address = 0;
  
  /* Memory Display
   *
   * Syntax:
   *	md{.b, .w, .l, .q} {addr} {len}
   */
  #define DISP_LINE_LEN	16
  static int do_mem_md(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	ulong	addr, length;
  #if defined(CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH)
  	ulong	nbytes, linebytes;
  #endif
  	int	size;
  	int rc = 0;
  
  	/* We use the last specified parameters, unless new ones are
  	 * entered.
  	 */
  	addr = dp_last_addr;
  	size = dp_last_size;
  	length = dp_last_length;
  
  	if (argc < 2)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	if ((flag & CMD_FLAG_REPEAT) == 0) {
  		/* New command specified.  Check for a size specification.
  		 * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
  		 */
  		if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
  			return 1;
  
  		/* Address is specified since argc > 1
  		*/
  		addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  		addr += base_address;
  
  		/* If another parameter, it is the length to display.
  		 * Length is the number of objects, not number of bytes.
  		 */
  		if (argc > 2)
  			length = simple_strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);
  	}
  
  #if defined(CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH)
  	/* Print the lines.
  	 *
  	 * We buffer all read data, so we can make sure data is read only
  	 * once, and all accesses are with the specified bus width.
  	 */
  	nbytes = length * size;
  	do {
  		char	linebuf[DISP_LINE_LEN];
  		void* p;
  		linebytes = (nbytes>DISP_LINE_LEN)?DISP_LINE_LEN:nbytes;
  
  		rc = read_dataflash(addr, (linebytes/size)*size, linebuf);
  		p = (rc == DATAFLASH_OK) ? linebuf : (void*)addr;
  		print_buffer(addr, p, size, linebytes/size, DISP_LINE_LEN/size);
  
  		nbytes -= linebytes;
  		addr += linebytes;
  		if (ctrlc()) {
  			rc = 1;
  			break;
  		}
  	} while (nbytes > 0);
  #else
  
  # if defined(CONFIG_BLACKFIN)
  	/* See if we're trying to display L1 inst */
  	if (addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(addr)) {
  		char linebuf[DISP_LINE_LEN];
  		ulong linebytes, nbytes = length * size;
  		do {
  			linebytes = (nbytes > DISP_LINE_LEN) ? DISP_LINE_LEN : nbytes;
  			memcpy(linebuf, (void *)addr, linebytes);
  			print_buffer(addr, linebuf, size, linebytes/size, DISP_LINE_LEN/size);
  
  			nbytes -= linebytes;
  			addr += linebytes;
  			if (ctrlc()) {
  				rc = 1;
  				break;
  			}
  		} while (nbytes > 0);
  	} else
  # endif
  
  	{
  		ulong bytes = size * length;
  		const void *buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);
  
  		/* Print the lines. */
  		print_buffer(addr, buf, size, length, DISP_LINE_LEN / size);
  		addr += bytes;
  		unmap_sysmem(buf);
  	}
  #endif
  
  	dp_last_addr = addr;
  	dp_last_length = length;
  	dp_last_size = size;
  	return (rc);
  }
  
  static int do_mem_mm(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	return mod_mem (cmdtp, 1, flag, argc, argv);
  }
  static int do_mem_nm(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	return mod_mem (cmdtp, 0, flag, argc, argv);
  }
  
  static int do_mem_mw(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	u64 writeval;
  #else
  	ulong writeval;
  #endif
  	ulong	addr, count;
  	int	size;
  	void *buf;
  	ulong bytes;
  
  	if ((argc < 3) || (argc > 4))
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	/* Check for size specification.
  	*/
  	if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 1)
  		return 1;
  
  	/* Address is specified since argc > 1
  	*/
  	addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  	addr += base_address;
  
  	/* Get the value to write.
  	*/
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	writeval = simple_strtoull(argv[2], NULL, 16);
  #else
  	writeval = simple_strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);
  #endif
  
  	/* Count ? */
  	if (argc == 4) {
  		count = simple_strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 16);
  	} else {
  		count = 1;
  	}
  
  	bytes = size * count;
  	buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);
  	while (count-- > 0) {
  		if (size == 4)
  			*((u32 *)buf) = (u32)writeval;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  		else if (size == 8)
  			*((u64 *)buf) = (u64)writeval;
  #endif
  		else if (size == 2)
  			*((u16 *)buf) = (u16)writeval;
  		else
  			*((u8 *)buf) = (u8)writeval;
  		buf += size;
  	}
  	unmap_sysmem(buf);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC
  static int do_mem_mdc(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	int i;
  	ulong count;
  
  	if (argc < 4)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	count = simple_strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 10);
  
  	for (;;) {
  		do_mem_md (NULL, 0, 3, argv);
  
  		/* delay for <count> ms... */
  		for (i=0; i<count; i++)
  			udelay (1000);
  
  		/* check for ctrl-c to abort... */
  		if (ctrlc()) {
  			puts("Abort
  ");
  			return 0;
  		}
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int do_mem_mwc(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	int i;
  	ulong count;
  
  	if (argc < 4)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	count = simple_strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 10);
  
  	for (;;) {
  		do_mem_mw (NULL, 0, 3, argv);
  
  		/* delay for <count> ms... */
  		for (i=0; i<count; i++)
  			udelay (1000);
  
  		/* check for ctrl-c to abort... */
  		if (ctrlc()) {
  			puts("Abort
  ");
  			return 0;
  		}
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  #endif /* CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC */
  
  static int do_mem_cmp(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	ulong	addr1, addr2, count, ngood, bytes;
  	int	size;
  	int     rcode = 0;
  	const char *type;
  	const void *buf1, *buf2, *base;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	u64 word1, word2;
  #else
  	ulong word1, word2;
  #endif
  
  	if (argc != 4)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	/* Check for size specification.
  	*/
  	if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
  		return 1;
  	type = size == 8 ? "double word" :
  	       size == 4 ? "word" :
  	       size == 2 ? "halfword" : "byte";
  
  	addr1 = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  	addr1 += base_address;
  
  	addr2 = simple_strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);
  	addr2 += base_address;
  
  	count = simple_strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 16);
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
  	if (addr_dataflash(addr1) | addr_dataflash(addr2)){
  		puts ("Comparison with DataFlash space not supported.
  \r");
  		return 0;
  	}
  #endif
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_BLACKFIN
  	if (addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(addr1) || addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(addr2)) {
  		puts ("Comparison with L1 instruction memory not supported.
  \r");
  		return 0;
  	}
  #endif
  
  	bytes = size * count;
  	base = buf1 = map_sysmem(addr1, bytes);
  	buf2 = map_sysmem(addr2, bytes);
  	for (ngood = 0; ngood < count; ++ngood) {
  		if (size == 4) {
  			word1 = *(u32 *)buf1;
  			word2 = *(u32 *)buf2;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  		} else if (size == 8) {
  			word1 = *(u64 *)buf1;
  			word2 = *(u64 *)buf2;
  #endif
  		} else if (size == 2) {
  			word1 = *(u16 *)buf1;
  			word2 = *(u16 *)buf2;
  		} else {
  			word1 = *(u8 *)buf1;
  			word2 = *(u8 *)buf2;
  		}
  		if (word1 != word2) {
  			ulong offset = buf1 - base;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  			printf("%s at 0x%p (%#0*"PRIx64") != %s at 0x%p (%#0*"
  			       PRIx64 ")
  ",
  			       type, (void *)(addr1 + offset), size, word1,
  			       type, (void *)(addr2 + offset), size, word2);
  #else
  			printf("%s at 0x%08lx (%#0*lx) != %s at 0x%08lx (%#0*lx)
  ",
  				type, (ulong)(addr1 + offset), size, word1,
  				type, (ulong)(addr2 + offset), size, word2);
  #endif
  			rcode = 1;
  			break;
  		}
  
  		buf1 += size;
  		buf2 += size;
  
  		/* reset watchdog from time to time */
  		if ((ngood % (64 << 10)) == 0)
  			WATCHDOG_RESET();
  	}
  	unmap_sysmem(buf1);
  	unmap_sysmem(buf2);
  
  	printf("Total of %ld %s(s) were the same
  ", ngood, type);
  	return rcode;
  }
  
  static int do_mem_cp(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	ulong	addr, dest, count, bytes;
  	int	size;
  	const void *src;
  	void *buf;
  
  	if (argc != 4)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	/* Check for size specification.
  	*/
  	if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
  		return 1;
  
  	addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  	addr += base_address;
  
  	dest = simple_strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);
  	dest += base_address;
  
  	count = simple_strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 16);
  
  	if (count == 0) {
  		puts ("Zero length ???
  ");
  		return 1;
  	}
  
  #ifndef CONFIG_SYS_NO_FLASH
  	/* check if we are copying to Flash */
  	if ( (addr2info(dest) != NULL)
  #ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
  	   && (!addr_dataflash(dest))
  #endif
  	   ) {
  		int rc;
  
  		puts ("Copy to Flash... ");
  
  		rc = flash_write ((char *)addr, dest, count*size);
  		if (rc != 0) {
  			flash_perror (rc);
  			return (1);
  		}
  		puts ("done
  ");
  		return 0;
  	}
  #endif
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
  	/* Check if we are copying from RAM or Flash to DataFlash */
  	if (addr_dataflash(dest) && !addr_dataflash(addr)){
  		int rc;
  
  		puts ("Copy to DataFlash... ");
  
  		rc = write_dataflash (dest, addr, count*size);
  
  		if (rc != 1) {
  			dataflash_perror (rc);
  			return (1);
  		}
  		puts ("done
  ");
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	/* Check if we are copying from DataFlash to RAM */
  	if (addr_dataflash(addr) && !addr_dataflash(dest)
  #ifndef CONFIG_SYS_NO_FLASH
  				 && (addr2info(dest) == NULL)
  #endif
  	   ){
  		int rc;
  		rc = read_dataflash(addr, count * size, (char *) dest);
  		if (rc != 1) {
  			dataflash_perror (rc);
  			return (1);
  		}
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	if (addr_dataflash(addr) && addr_dataflash(dest)){
  		puts ("Unsupported combination of source/destination.
  \r");
  		return 1;
  	}
  #endif
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_BLACKFIN
  	/* See if we're copying to/from L1 inst */
  	if (addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(dest) || addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(addr)) {
  		memcpy((void *)dest, (void *)addr, count * size);
  		return 0;
  	}
  #endif
  
  	bytes = size * count;
  	buf = map_sysmem(dest, bytes);
  	src = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);
  	while (count-- > 0) {
  		if (size == 4)
  			*((u32 *)buf) = *((u32  *)src);
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  		else if (size == 8)
  			*((u64 *)buf) = *((u64 *)src);
  #endif
  		else if (size == 2)
  			*((u16 *)buf) = *((u16 *)src);
  		else
  			*((u8 *)buf) = *((u8 *)src);
  		src += size;
  		buf += size;
  
  		/* reset watchdog from time to time */
  		if ((count % (64 << 10)) == 0)
  			WATCHDOG_RESET();
  	}
  	unmap_sysmem(buf);
  	unmap_sysmem(src);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int do_mem_base(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
  		       char * const argv[])
  {
  	if (argc > 1) {
  		/* Set new base address.
  		*/
  		base_address = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  	}
  	/* Print the current base address.
  	*/
  	printf("Base Address: 0x%08lx
  ", base_address);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int do_mem_loop(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
  		       char * const argv[])
  {
  	ulong	addr, length, i, bytes;
  	int	size;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	volatile u64 *llp;
  #endif
  	volatile u32 *longp;
  	volatile u16 *shortp;
  	volatile u8 *cp;
  	const void *buf;
  
  	if (argc < 3)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	/*
  	 * Check for a size specification.
  	 * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
  	 */
  	if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
  		return 1;
  
  	/* Address is always specified.
  	*/
  	addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  
  	/* Length is the number of objects, not number of bytes.
  	*/
  	length = simple_strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);
  
  	bytes = size * length;
  	buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);
  
  	/* We want to optimize the loops to run as fast as possible.
  	 * If we have only one object, just run infinite loops.
  	 */
  	if (length == 1) {
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  		if (size == 8) {
  			llp = (u64 *)buf;
  			for (;;)
  				i = *llp;
  		}
  #endif
  		if (size == 4) {
  			longp = (u32 *)buf;
  			for (;;)
  				i = *longp;
  		}
  		if (size == 2) {
  			shortp = (u16 *)buf;
  			for (;;)
  				i = *shortp;
  		}
  		cp = (u8 *)buf;
  		for (;;)
  			i = *cp;
  	}
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	if (size == 8) {
  		for (;;) {
  			llp = (u64 *)buf;
  			i = length;
  			while (i-- > 0)
  				*llp++;
  		}
  	}
  #endif
  	if (size == 4) {
  		for (;;) {
  			longp = (u32 *)buf;
  			i = length;
  			while (i-- > 0)
  				*longp++;
  		}
  	}
  	if (size == 2) {
  		for (;;) {
  			shortp = (u16 *)buf;
  			i = length;
  			while (i-- > 0)
  				*shortp++;
  		}
  	}
  	for (;;) {
  		cp = (u8 *)buf;
  		i = length;
  		while (i-- > 0)
  			*cp++;
  	}
  	unmap_sysmem(buf);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_LOOPW
  static int do_mem_loopw(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
  			char * const argv[])
  {
  	ulong	addr, length, i, bytes;
  	int	size;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	volatile u64 *llp;
  	u64 data;
  #else
  	ulong	data;
  #endif
  	volatile u32 *longp;
  	volatile u16 *shortp;
  	volatile u8 *cp;
  	void *buf;
  
  	if (argc < 4)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	/*
  	 * Check for a size specification.
  	 * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
  	 */
  	if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
  		return 1;
  
  	/* Address is always specified.
  	*/
  	addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  
  	/* Length is the number of objects, not number of bytes.
  	*/
  	length = simple_strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);
  
  	/* data to write */
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	data = simple_strtoull(argv[3], NULL, 16);
  #else
  	data = simple_strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 16);
  #endif
  
  	bytes = size * length;
  	buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);
  
  	/* We want to optimize the loops to run as fast as possible.
  	 * If we have only one object, just run infinite loops.
  	 */
  	if (length == 1) {
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  		if (size == 8) {
  			llp = (u64 *)buf;
  			for (;;)
  				*llp = data;
  		}
  #endif
  		if (size == 4) {
  			longp = (u32 *)buf;
  			for (;;)
  				*longp = data;
  		}
  		if (size == 2) {
  			shortp = (u16 *)buf;
  			for (;;)
  				*shortp = data;
  		}
  		cp = (u8 *)buf;
  		for (;;)
  			*cp = data;
  	}
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	if (size == 8) {
  		for (;;) {
  			llp = (u64 *)buf;
  			i = length;
  			while (i-- > 0)
  				*llp++ = data;
  		}
  	}
  #endif
  	if (size == 4) {
  		for (;;) {
  			longp = (u32 *)buf;
  			i = length;
  			while (i-- > 0)
  				*longp++ = data;
  		}
  	}
  	if (size == 2) {
  		for (;;) {
  			shortp = (u16 *)buf;
  			i = length;
  			while (i-- > 0)
  				*shortp++ = data;
  		}
  	}
  	for (;;) {
  		cp = (u8 *)buf;
  		i = length;
  		while (i-- > 0)
  			*cp++ = data;
  	}
  }
  #endif /* CONFIG_LOOPW */
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST
  static ulong mem_test_alt(vu_long *buf, ulong start_addr, ulong end_addr,
  			  vu_long *dummy)
  {
  	vu_long *addr;
  	ulong errs = 0;
  	ulong val, readback;
  	int j;
  	vu_long offset;
  	vu_long test_offset;
  	vu_long pattern;
  	vu_long temp;
  	vu_long anti_pattern;
  	vu_long num_words;
  	static const ulong bitpattern[] = {
  		0x00000001,	/* single bit */
  		0x00000003,	/* two adjacent bits */
  		0x00000007,	/* three adjacent bits */
  		0x0000000F,	/* four adjacent bits */
  		0x00000005,	/* two non-adjacent bits */
  		0x00000015,	/* three non-adjacent bits */
  		0x00000055,	/* four non-adjacent bits */
  		0xaaaaaaaa,	/* alternating 1/0 */
  	};
  
  	num_words = (end_addr - start_addr) / sizeof(vu_long);
  
  	/*
  	 * Data line test: write a pattern to the first
  	 * location, write the 1's complement to a 'parking'
  	 * address (changes the state of the data bus so a
  	 * floating bus doesn't give a false OK), and then
  	 * read the value back. Note that we read it back
  	 * into a variable because the next time we read it,
  	 * it might be right (been there, tough to explain to
  	 * the quality guys why it prints a failure when the
  	 * "is" and "should be" are obviously the same in the
  	 * error message).
  	 *
  	 * Rather than exhaustively testing, we test some
  	 * patterns by shifting '1' bits through a field of
  	 * '0's and '0' bits through a field of '1's (i.e.
  	 * pattern and ~pattern).
  	 */
  	addr = buf;
  	for (j = 0; j < sizeof(bitpattern) / sizeof(bitpattern[0]); j++) {
  		val = bitpattern[j];
  		for (; val != 0; val <<= 1) {
  			*addr = val;
  			*dummy  = ~val; /* clear the test data off the bus */
  			readback = *addr;
  			if (readback != val) {
  				printf("FAILURE (data line): "
  					"expected %08lx, actual %08lx
  ",
  						val, readback);
  				errs++;
  				if (ctrlc())
  					return -1;
  			}
  			*addr  = ~val;
  			*dummy  = val;
  			readback = *addr;
  			if (readback != ~val) {
  				printf("FAILURE (data line): "
  					"Is %08lx, should be %08lx
  ",
  						readback, ~val);
  				errs++;
  				if (ctrlc())
  					return -1;
  			}
  		}
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Based on code whose Original Author and Copyright
  	 * information follows: Copyright (c) 1998 by Michael
  	 * Barr. This software is placed into the public
  	 * domain and may be used for any purpose. However,
  	 * this notice must not be changed or removed and no
  	 * warranty is either expressed or implied by its
  	 * publication or distribution.
  	 */
  
  	/*
  	* Address line test
  
  	 * Description: Test the address bus wiring in a
  	 *              memory region by performing a walking
  	 *              1's test on the relevant bits of the
  	 *              address and checking for aliasing.
  	 *              This test will find single-bit
  	 *              address failures such as stuck-high,
  	 *              stuck-low, and shorted pins. The base
  	 *              address and size of the region are
  	 *              selected by the caller.
  
  	 * Notes:	For best results, the selected base
  	 *              address should have enough LSB 0's to
  	 *              guarantee single address bit changes.
  	 *              For example, to test a 64-Kbyte
  	 *              region, select a base address on a
  	 *              64-Kbyte boundary. Also, select the
  	 *              region size as a power-of-two if at
  	 *              all possible.
  	 *
  	 * Returns:     0 if the test succeeds, 1 if the test fails.
  	 */
  	pattern = (vu_long) 0xaaaaaaaa;
  	anti_pattern = (vu_long) 0x55555555;
  
  	debug("%s:%d: length = 0x%.8lx
  ", __func__, __LINE__, num_words);
  	/*
  	 * Write the default pattern at each of the
  	 * power-of-two offsets.
  	 */
  	for (offset = 1; offset < num_words; offset <<= 1)
  		addr[offset] = pattern;
  
  	/*
  	 * Check for address bits stuck high.
  	 */
  	test_offset = 0;
  	addr[test_offset] = anti_pattern;
  
  	for (offset = 1; offset < num_words; offset <<= 1) {
  		temp = addr[offset];
  		if (temp != pattern) {
  			printf("
  FAILURE: Address bit stuck high @ 0x%.8lx:"
  				" expected 0x%.8lx, actual 0x%.8lx
  ",
  				start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
  				pattern, temp);
  			errs++;
  			if (ctrlc())
  				return -1;
  		}
  	}
  	addr[test_offset] = pattern;
  	WATCHDOG_RESET();
  
  	/*
  	 * Check for addr bits stuck low or shorted.
  	 */
  	for (test_offset = 1; test_offset < num_words; test_offset <<= 1) {
  		addr[test_offset] = anti_pattern;
  
  		for (offset = 1; offset < num_words; offset <<= 1) {
  			temp = addr[offset];
  			if ((temp != pattern) && (offset != test_offset)) {
  				printf("
  FAILURE: Address bit stuck low or"
  					" shorted @ 0x%.8lx: expected 0x%.8lx,"
  					" actual 0x%.8lx
  ",
  					start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
  					pattern, temp);
  				errs++;
  				if (ctrlc())
  					return -1;
  			}
  		}
  		addr[test_offset] = pattern;
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Description: Test the integrity of a physical
  	 *		memory device by performing an
  	 *		increment/decrement test over the
  	 *		entire region. In the process every
  	 *		storage bit in the device is tested
  	 *		as a zero and a one. The base address
  	 *		and the size of the region are
  	 *		selected by the caller.
  	 *
  	 * Returns:     0 if the test succeeds, 1 if the test fails.
  	 */
  	num_words++;
  
  	/*
  	 * Fill memory with a known pattern.
  	 */
  	for (pattern = 1, offset = 0; offset < num_words; pattern++, offset++) {
  		WATCHDOG_RESET();
  		addr[offset] = pattern;
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Check each location and invert it for the second pass.
  	 */
  	for (pattern = 1, offset = 0; offset < num_words; pattern++, offset++) {
  		WATCHDOG_RESET();
  		temp = addr[offset];
  		if (temp != pattern) {
  			printf("
  FAILURE (read/write) @ 0x%.8lx:"
  				" expected 0x%.8lx, actual 0x%.8lx)
  ",
  				start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
  				pattern, temp);
  			errs++;
  			if (ctrlc())
  				return -1;
  		}
  
  		anti_pattern = ~pattern;
  		addr[offset] = anti_pattern;
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Check each location for the inverted pattern and zero it.
  	 */
  	for (pattern = 1, offset = 0; offset < num_words; pattern++, offset++) {
  		WATCHDOG_RESET();
  		anti_pattern = ~pattern;
  		temp = addr[offset];
  		if (temp != anti_pattern) {
  			printf("
  FAILURE (read/write): @ 0x%.8lx:"
  				" expected 0x%.8lx, actual 0x%.8lx)
  ",
  				start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
  				anti_pattern, temp);
  			errs++;
  			if (ctrlc())
  				return -1;
  		}
  		addr[offset] = 0;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static ulong mem_test_quick(vu_long *buf, ulong start_addr, ulong end_addr,
  			    vu_long pattern, int iteration)
  {
  	vu_long *end;
  	vu_long *addr;
  	ulong errs = 0;
  	ulong incr, length;
  	ulong val, readback;
  
  	/* Alternate the pattern */
  	incr = 1;
  	if (iteration & 1) {
  		incr = -incr;
  		/*
  		 * Flip the pattern each time to make lots of zeros and
  		 * then, the next time, lots of ones.  We decrement
  		 * the "negative" patterns and increment the "positive"
  		 * patterns to preserve this feature.
  		 */
  		if (pattern & 0x80000000)
  			pattern = -pattern;	/* complement & increment */
  		else
  			pattern = ~pattern;
  	}
  	length = (end_addr - start_addr) / sizeof(ulong);
  	end = buf + length;
  	printf("\rPattern %08lX  Writing..."
  		"%12s"
  		"\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b",
  		pattern, "");
  
  	for (addr = buf, val = pattern; addr < end; addr++) {
  		WATCHDOG_RESET();
  		*addr = val;
  		val += incr;
  	}
  
  	puts("Reading...");
  
  	for (addr = buf, val = pattern; addr < end; addr++) {
  		WATCHDOG_RESET();
  		readback = *addr;
  		if (readback != val) {
  			ulong offset = addr - buf;
  
  			printf("
  Mem error @ 0x%08X: "
  				"found %08lX, expected %08lX
  ",
  				(uint)(uintptr_t)(start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long)),
  				readback, val);
  			errs++;
  			if (ctrlc())
  				return -1;
  		}
  		val += incr;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Perform a memory test. A more complete alternative test can be
   * configured using CONFIG_SYS_ALT_MEMTEST. The complete test loops until
   * interrupted by ctrl-c or by a failure of one of the sub-tests.
   */
  static int do_mem_mtest(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
  			char * const argv[])
  {
  	ulong start, end;
  	vu_long *buf, *dummy;
  	ulong iteration_limit = 0;
  	int ret;
  	ulong errs = 0;	/* number of errors, or -1 if interrupted */
  	ulong pattern = 0;
  	int iteration;
  #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_ALT_MEMTEST)
  	const int alt_test = 1;
  #else
  	const int alt_test = 0;
  #endif
  
  	start = CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_START;
  	end = CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_END;
  
  	if (argc > 1)
  		if (strict_strtoul(argv[1], 16, &start) < 0)
  			return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	if (argc > 2)
  		if (strict_strtoul(argv[2], 16, &end) < 0)
  			return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	if (argc > 3)
  		if (strict_strtoul(argv[3], 16, &pattern) < 0)
  			return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	if (argc > 4)
  		if (strict_strtoul(argv[4], 16, &iteration_limit) < 0)
  			return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	if (end < start) {
  		printf("Refusing to do empty test
  ");
  		return -1;
  	}
  
  	printf("Testing %08x ... %08x:
  ", (uint)start, (uint)end);
  	debug("%s:%d: start %#08lx end %#08lx
  ", __func__, __LINE__,
  	      start, end);
  
  	buf = map_sysmem(start, end - start);
  	dummy = map_sysmem(CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_SCRATCH, sizeof(vu_long));
  	for (iteration = 0;
  			!iteration_limit || iteration < iteration_limit;
  			iteration++) {
  		if (ctrlc()) {
  			errs = -1UL;
  			break;
  		}
  
  		printf("Iteration: %6d\r", iteration + 1);
  		debug("
  ");
  		if (alt_test) {
  			errs = mem_test_alt(buf, start, end, dummy);
  		} else {
  			errs = mem_test_quick(buf, start, end, pattern,
  					      iteration);
  		}
  		if (errs == -1UL)
  			break;
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Work-around for eldk-4.2 which gives this warning if we try to
  	 * case in the unmap_sysmem() call:
  	 * warning: initialization discards qualifiers from pointer target type
  	 */
  	{
  		void *vbuf = (void *)buf;
  		void *vdummy = (void *)dummy;
  
  		unmap_sysmem(vbuf);
  		unmap_sysmem(vdummy);
  	}
  
  	if (errs == -1UL) {
  		/* Memory test was aborted - write a newline to finish off */
  		putc('
  ');
  		ret = 1;
  	} else {
  		printf("Tested %d iteration(s) with %lu errors.
  ",
  			iteration, errs);
  		ret = errs != 0;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  #endif	/* CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST */
  
  /* Modify memory.
   *
   * Syntax:
   *	mm{.b, .w, .l, .q} {addr}
   *	nm{.b, .w, .l, .q} {addr}
   */
  static int
  mod_mem(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int incrflag, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	ulong	addr;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	u64 i;
  #else
  	ulong i;
  #endif
  	int	nbytes, size;
  	void *ptr = NULL;
  
  	if (argc != 2)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	bootretry_reset_cmd_timeout();	/* got a good command to get here */
  	/* We use the last specified parameters, unless new ones are
  	 * entered.
  	 */
  	addr = mm_last_addr;
  	size = mm_last_size;
  
  	if ((flag & CMD_FLAG_REPEAT) == 0) {
  		/* New command specified.  Check for a size specification.
  		 * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
  		 */
  		if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
  			return 1;
  
  		/* Address is specified since argc > 1
  		*/
  		addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
  		addr += base_address;
  	}
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
  	if (addr_dataflash(addr)){
  		puts ("Can't modify DataFlash in place. Use cp instead.
  \r");
  		return 0;
  	}
  #endif
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_BLACKFIN
  	if (addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(addr)) {
  		puts ("Can't modify L1 instruction in place. Use cp instead.
  \r");
  		return 0;
  	}
  #endif
  
  	/* Print the address, followed by value.  Then accept input for
  	 * the next value.  A non-converted value exits.
  	 */
  	do {
  		ptr = map_sysmem(addr, size);
  		printf("%08lx:", addr);
  		if (size == 4)
  			printf(" %08x", *((u32 *)ptr));
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  		else if (size == 8)
  			printf(" %016" PRIx64, *((u64 *)ptr));
  #endif
  		else if (size == 2)
  			printf(" %04x", *((u16 *)ptr));
  		else
  			printf(" %02x", *((u8 *)ptr));
  
  		nbytes = cli_readline(" ? ");
  		if (nbytes == 0 || (nbytes == 1 && console_buffer[0] == '-')) {
  			/* <CR> pressed as only input, don't modify current
  			 * location and move to next. "-" pressed will go back.
  			 */
  			if (incrflag)
  				addr += nbytes ? -size : size;
  			nbytes = 1;
  			/* good enough to not time out */
  			bootretry_reset_cmd_timeout();
  		}
  #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
  		else if (nbytes == -2) {
  			break;	/* timed out, exit the command	*/
  		}
  #endif
  		else {
  			char *endp;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  			i = simple_strtoull(console_buffer, &endp, 16);
  #else
  			i = simple_strtoul(console_buffer, &endp, 16);
  #endif
  			nbytes = endp - console_buffer;
  			if (nbytes) {
  				/* good enough to not time out
  				 */
  				bootretry_reset_cmd_timeout();
  				if (size == 4)
  					*((u32 *)ptr) = i;
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  				else if (size == 8)
  					*((u64 *)ptr) = i;
  #endif
  				else if (size == 2)
  					*((u16 *)ptr) = i;
  				else
  					*((u8 *)ptr) = i;
  				if (incrflag)
  					addr += size;
  			}
  		}
  	} while (nbytes);
  	if (ptr)
  		unmap_sysmem(ptr);
  
  	mm_last_addr = addr;
  	mm_last_size = size;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_CRC32
  
  static int do_mem_crc(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
  {
  	int flags = 0;
  	int ac;
  	char * const *av;
  
  	if (argc < 3)
  		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
  
  	av = argv + 1;
  	ac = argc - 1;
  #ifdef CONFIG_HASH_VERIFY
  	if (strcmp(*av, "-v") == 0) {
  		flags |= HASH_FLAG_VERIFY;
  		av++;
  		ac--;
  	}
  #endif
  
  	return hash_command("crc32", flags, cmdtp, flag, ac, av);
  }
  
  #endif
  
  /**************************************************/
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	md,	3,	1,	do_mem_md,
  	"memory display",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address [# of objects]"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address [# of objects]"
  #endif
  );
  
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	mm,	2,	1,	do_mem_mm,
  	"memory modify (auto-incrementing address)",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address"
  #endif
  );
  
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	nm,	2,	1,	do_mem_nm,
  	"memory modify (constant address)",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address"
  #endif
  );
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	mw,	4,	1,	do_mem_mw,
  	"memory write (fill)",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address value [count]"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address value [count]"
  #endif
  );
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	cp,	4,	1,	do_mem_cp,
  	"memory copy",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] source target count"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] source target count"
  #endif
  );
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	cmp,	4,	1,	do_mem_cmp,
  	"memory compare",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] addr1 addr2 count"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] addr1 addr2 count"
  #endif
  );
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_CRC32
  
  #ifndef CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	crc32,	4,	1,	do_mem_crc,
  	"checksum calculation",
  	"address count [addr]
      - compute CRC32 checksum [save at addr]"
  );
  
  #else	/* CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY */
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	crc32,	5,	1,	do_mem_crc,
  	"checksum calculation",
  	"address count [addr]
      - compute CRC32 checksum [save at addr]
  "
  	"-v address count crc
      - verify crc of memory area"
  );
  
  #endif	/* CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY */
  
  #endif
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMINFO
  __weak void board_show_dram(ulong size)
  {
  	puts("DRAM:  ");
  	print_size(size, "
  ");
  }
  
  static int do_mem_info(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
  		       char * const argv[])
  {
  	board_show_dram(gd->ram_size);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  #endif
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	base,	2,	1,	do_mem_base,
  	"print or set address offset",
  	"
      - print address offset for memory commands
  "
  	"base off
      - set address offset for memory commands to 'off'"
  );
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	loop,	3,	1,	do_mem_loop,
  	"infinite loop on address range",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address number_of_objects"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address number_of_objects"
  #endif
  );
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_LOOPW
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	loopw,	4,	1,	do_mem_loopw,
  	"infinite write loop on address range",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address number_of_objects data_to_write"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address number_of_objects data_to_write"
  #endif
  );
  #endif /* CONFIG_LOOPW */
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	mtest,	5,	1,	do_mem_mtest,
  	"simple RAM read/write test",
  	"[start [end [pattern [iterations]]]]"
  );
  #endif	/* CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST */
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	mdc,	4,	1,	do_mem_mdc,
  	"memory display cyclic",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address count delay(ms)"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address count delay(ms)"
  #endif
  );
  
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	mwc,	4,	1,	do_mem_mwc,
  	"memory write cyclic",
  #ifdef CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
  	"[.b, .w, .l, .q] address value delay(ms)"
  #else
  	"[.b, .w, .l] address value delay(ms)"
  #endif
  );
  #endif /* CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC */
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMINFO
  U_BOOT_CMD(
  	meminfo,	3,	1,	do_mem_info,
  	"display memory information",
  	""
  );
  #endif