======================
  			    RxRPC NETWORK PROTOCOL
  			    ======================
  
  The RxRPC protocol driver provides a reliable two-phase transport on top of UDP
  that can be used to perform RxRPC remote operations.  This is done over sockets
  of AF_RXRPC family, using sendmsg() and recvmsg() with control data to send and
  receive data, aborts and errors.
  
  Contents of this document:
  
   (*) Overview.
  
   (*) RxRPC protocol summary.
  
   (*) AF_RXRPC driver model.
  
   (*) Control messages.
  
   (*) Socket options.
  
   (*) Security.
  
   (*) Example client usage.
  
   (*) Example server usage.
  
   (*) AF_RXRPC kernel interface.
  
  
  ========
  OVERVIEW
  ========
  
  RxRPC is a two-layer protocol.  There is a session layer which provides
  reliable virtual connections using UDP over IPv4 (or IPv6) as the transport
  layer, but implements a real network protocol; and there's the presentation
  layer which renders structured data to binary blobs and back again using XDR
  (as does SunRPC):
  
  		+-------------+
  		| Application |
  		+-------------+
  		|     XDR     |		Presentation
  		+-------------+
  		|    RxRPC    |		Session
  		+-------------+
  		|     UDP     |		Transport
  		+-------------+
  
  
  AF_RXRPC provides:
  
   (1) Part of an RxRPC facility for both kernel and userspace applications by
       making the session part of it a Linux network protocol (AF_RXRPC).
  
   (2) A two-phase protocol.  The client transmits a blob (the request) and then
       receives a blob (the reply), and the server receives the request and then
       transmits the reply.
  
   (3) Retention of the reusable bits of the transport system set up for one call
       to speed up subsequent calls.
  
   (4) A secure protocol, using the Linux kernel's key retention facility to
       manage security on the client end.  The server end must of necessity be
       more active in security negotiations.
  
  AF_RXRPC does not provide XDR marshalling/presentation facilities.  That is
  left to the application.  AF_RXRPC only deals in blobs.  Even the operation ID
  is just the first four bytes of the request blob, and as such is beyond the
  kernel's interest.
  
  
  Sockets of AF_RXRPC family are:
  
   (1) created as type SOCK_DGRAM;
  
   (2) provided with a protocol of the type of underlying transport they're going
       to use - currently only PF_INET is supported.
  
  
  The Andrew File System (AFS) is an example of an application that uses this and
  that has both kernel (filesystem) and userspace (utility) components.
  
  
  ======================
  RXRPC PROTOCOL SUMMARY
  ======================
  
  An overview of the RxRPC protocol:
  
   (*) RxRPC sits on top of another networking protocol (UDP is the only option
       currently), and uses this to provide network transport.  UDP ports, for
       example, provide transport endpoints.
  
   (*) RxRPC supports multiple virtual "connections" from any given transport
       endpoint, thus allowing the endpoints to be shared, even to the same
       remote endpoint.
  
   (*) Each connection goes to a particular "service".  A connection may not go
       to multiple services.  A service may be considered the RxRPC equivalent of
       a port number.  AF_RXRPC permits multiple services to share an endpoint.
  
   (*) Client-originating packets are marked, thus a transport endpoint can be
       shared between client and server connections (connections have a
       direction).
  
   (*) Up to a billion connections may be supported concurrently between one
       local transport endpoint and one service on one remote endpoint.  An RxRPC
       connection is described by seven numbers:
  
  	Local address	}
  	Local port	} Transport (UDP) address
  	Remote address	}
  	Remote port	}
  	Direction
  	Connection ID
  	Service ID
  
   (*) Each RxRPC operation is a "call".  A connection may make up to four
       billion calls, but only up to four calls may be in progress on a
       connection at any one time.
  
   (*) Calls are two-phase and asymmetric: the client sends its request data,
       which the service receives; then the service transmits the reply data
       which the client receives.
  
   (*) The data blobs are of indefinite size, the end of a phase is marked with a
       flag in the packet.  The number of packets of data making up one blob may
       not exceed 4 billion, however, as this would cause the sequence number to
       wrap.
  
   (*) The first four bytes of the request data are the service operation ID.
  
   (*) Security is negotiated on a per-connection basis.  The connection is
       initiated by the first data packet on it arriving.  If security is
       requested, the server then issues a "challenge" and then the client
       replies with a "response".  If the response is successful, the security is
       set for the lifetime of that connection, and all subsequent calls made
       upon it use that same security.  In the event that the server lets a
       connection lapse before the client, the security will be renegotiated if
       the client uses the connection again.
  
   (*) Calls use ACK packets to handle reliability.  Data packets are also
       explicitly sequenced per call.
  
   (*) There are two types of positive acknowledgment: hard-ACKs and soft-ACKs.
       A hard-ACK indicates to the far side that all the data received to a point
       has been received and processed; a soft-ACK indicates that the data has
       been received but may yet be discarded and re-requested.  The sender may
       not discard any transmittable packets until they've been hard-ACK'd.
  
   (*) Reception of a reply data packet implicitly hard-ACK's all the data
       packets that make up the request.
  
   (*) An call is complete when the request has been sent, the reply has been
       received and the final hard-ACK on the last packet of the reply has
       reached the server.
  
   (*) An call may be aborted by either end at any time up to its completion.
  
  
  =====================
  AF_RXRPC DRIVER MODEL
  =====================
  
  About the AF_RXRPC driver:
  
   (*) The AF_RXRPC protocol transparently uses internal sockets of the transport
       protocol to represent transport endpoints.
  
   (*) AF_RXRPC sockets map onto RxRPC connection bundles.  Actual RxRPC
       connections are handled transparently.  One client socket may be used to
       make multiple simultaneous calls to the same service.  One server socket
       may handle calls from many clients.
  
   (*) Additional parallel client connections will be initiated to support extra
       concurrent calls, up to a tunable limit.
  
   (*) Each connection is retained for a certain amount of time [tunable] after
       the last call currently using it has completed in case a new call is made
       that could reuse it.
  
   (*) Each internal UDP socket is retained [tunable] for a certain amount of
       time [tunable] after the last connection using it discarded, in case a new
       connection is made that could use it.
  
   (*) A client-side connection is only shared between calls if they have have
       the same key struct describing their security (and assuming the calls
       would otherwise share the connection).  Non-secured calls would also be
       able to share connections with each other.
  
   (*) A server-side connection is shared if the client says it is.
  
   (*) ACK'ing is handled by the protocol driver automatically, including ping
       replying.
  
   (*) SO_KEEPALIVE automatically pings the other side to keep the connection
       alive [TODO].
  
   (*) If an ICMP error is received, all calls affected by that error will be
       aborted with an appropriate network error passed through recvmsg().
  
  
  Interaction with the user of the RxRPC socket:
  
   (*) A socket is made into a server socket by binding an address with a
       non-zero service ID.
  
   (*) In the client, sending a request is achieved with one or more sendmsgs,
       followed by the reply being received with one or more recvmsgs.
  
   (*) The first sendmsg for a request to be sent from a client contains a tag to
       be used in all other sendmsgs or recvmsgs associated with that call.  The
       tag is carried in the control data.
  
   (*) connect() is used to supply a default destination address for a client
       socket.  This may be overridden by supplying an alternate address to the
       first sendmsg() of a call (struct msghdr::msg_name).
  
   (*) If connect() is called on an unbound client, a random local port will
       bound before the operation takes place.
  
   (*) A server socket may also be used to make client calls.  To do this, the
       first sendmsg() of the call must specify the target address.  The server's
       transport endpoint is used to send the packets.
  
   (*) Once the application has received the last message associated with a call,
       the tag is guaranteed not to be seen again, and so it can be used to pin
       client resources.  A new call can then be initiated with the same tag
       without fear of interference.
  
   (*) In the server, a request is received with one or more recvmsgs, then the
       the reply is transmitted with one or more sendmsgs, and then the final ACK
       is received with a last recvmsg.
  
   (*) When sending data for a call, sendmsg is given MSG_MORE if there's more
       data to come on that call.
  
   (*) When receiving data for a call, recvmsg flags MSG_MORE if there's more
       data to come for that call.
  
   (*) When receiving data or messages for a call, MSG_EOR is flagged by recvmsg
       to indicate the terminal message for that call.
  
   (*) A call may be aborted by adding an abort control message to the control
       data.  Issuing an abort terminates the kernel's use of that call's tag.
       Any messages waiting in the receive queue for that call will be discarded.
  
   (*) Aborts, busy notifications and challenge packets are delivered by recvmsg,
       and control data messages will be set to indicate the context.  Receiving
       an abort or a busy message terminates the kernel's use of that call's tag.
  
   (*) The control data part of the msghdr struct is used for a number of things:
  
       (*) The tag of the intended or affected call.
  
       (*) Sending or receiving errors, aborts and busy notifications.
  
       (*) Notifications of incoming calls.
  
       (*) Sending debug requests and receiving debug replies [TODO].
  
   (*) When the kernel has received and set up an incoming call, it sends a
       message to server application to let it know there's a new call awaiting
       its acceptance [recvmsg reports a special control message].  The server
       application then uses sendmsg to assign a tag to the new call.  Once that
       is done, the first part of the request data will be delivered by recvmsg.
  
   (*) The server application has to provide the server socket with a keyring of
       secret keys corresponding to the security types it permits.  When a secure
       connection is being set up, the kernel looks up the appropriate secret key
       in the keyring and then sends a challenge packet to the client and
       receives a response packet.  The kernel then checks the authorisation of
       the packet and either aborts the connection or sets up the security.
  
   (*) The name of the key a client will use to secure its communications is
       nominated by a socket option.
  
  
  Notes on recvmsg:
  
   (*) If there's a sequence of data messages belonging to a particular call on
       the receive queue, then recvmsg will keep working through them until:
  
       (a) it meets the end of that call's received data,
  
       (b) it meets a non-data message,
  
       (c) it meets a message belonging to a different call, or
  
       (d) it fills the user buffer.
  
       If recvmsg is called in blocking mode, it will keep sleeping, awaiting the
       reception of further data, until one of the above four conditions is met.
  
   (2) MSG_PEEK operates similarly, but will return immediately if it has put any
       data in the buffer rather than sleeping until it can fill the buffer.
  
   (3) If a data message is only partially consumed in filling a user buffer,
       then the remainder of that message will be left on the front of the queue
       for the next taker.  MSG_TRUNC will never be flagged.
  
   (4) If there is more data to be had on a call (it hasn't copied the last byte
       of the last data message in that phase yet), then MSG_MORE will be
       flagged.
  
  
  ================
  CONTROL MESSAGES
  ================
  
  AF_RXRPC makes use of control messages in sendmsg() and recvmsg() to multiplex
  calls, to invoke certain actions and to report certain conditions.  These are:
  
  	MESSAGE ID		SRT DATA	MEANING
  	=======================	=== ===========	===============================
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	sr- User ID	App's call specifier
  	RXRPC_ABORT		srt Abort code	Abort code to issue/received
  	RXRPC_ACK		-rt n/a		Final ACK received
  	RXRPC_NET_ERROR		-rt error num	Network error on call
  	RXRPC_BUSY		-rt n/a		Call rejected (server busy)
  	RXRPC_LOCAL_ERROR	-rt error num	Local error encountered
  	RXRPC_NEW_CALL		-r- n/a		New call received
  	RXRPC_ACCEPT		s-- n/a		Accept new call
  
  	(SRT = usable in Sendmsg / delivered by Recvmsg / Terminal message)
  
   (*) RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID
  
       This is used to indicate the application's call ID.  It's an unsigned long
       that the app specifies in the client by attaching it to the first data
       message or in the server by passing it in association with an RXRPC_ACCEPT
       message.  recvmsg() passes it in conjunction with all messages except
       those of the RXRPC_NEW_CALL message.
  
   (*) RXRPC_ABORT
  
       This is can be used by an application to abort a call by passing it to
       sendmsg, or it can be delivered by recvmsg to indicate a remote abort was
       received.  Either way, it must be associated with an RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID to
       specify the call affected.  If an abort is being sent, then error EBADSLT
       will be returned if there is no call with that user ID.
  
   (*) RXRPC_ACK
  
       This is delivered to a server application to indicate that the final ACK
       of a call was received from the client.  It will be associated with an
       RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID to indicate the call that's now complete.
  
   (*) RXRPC_NET_ERROR
  
       This is delivered to an application to indicate that an ICMP error message
       was encountered in the process of trying to talk to the peer.  An
       errno-class integer value will be included in the control message data
       indicating the problem, and an RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID will indicate the call
       affected.
  
   (*) RXRPC_BUSY
  
       This is delivered to a client application to indicate that a call was
       rejected by the server due to the server being busy.  It will be
       associated with an RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID to indicate the rejected call.
  
   (*) RXRPC_LOCAL_ERROR
  
       This is delivered to an application to indicate that a local error was
       encountered and that a call has been aborted because of it.  An
       errno-class integer value will be included in the control message data
       indicating the problem, and an RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID will indicate the call
       affected.
  
   (*) RXRPC_NEW_CALL
  
       This is delivered to indicate to a server application that a new call has
       arrived and is awaiting acceptance.  No user ID is associated with this,
       as a user ID must subsequently be assigned by doing an RXRPC_ACCEPT.
  
   (*) RXRPC_ACCEPT
  
       This is used by a server application to attempt to accept a call and
       assign it a user ID.  It should be associated with an RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID
       to indicate the user ID to be assigned.  If there is no call to be
       accepted (it may have timed out, been aborted, etc.), then sendmsg will
       return error ENODATA.  If the user ID is already in use by another call,
       then error EBADSLT will be returned.
  
  
  ==============
  SOCKET OPTIONS
  ==============
  
  AF_RXRPC sockets support a few socket options at the SOL_RXRPC level:
  
   (*) RXRPC_SECURITY_KEY
  
       This is used to specify the description of the key to be used.  The key is
       extracted from the calling process's keyrings with request_key() and
       should be of "rxrpc" type.
  
       The optval pointer points to the description string, and optlen indicates
       how long the string is, without the NUL terminator.
  
   (*) RXRPC_SECURITY_KEYRING
  
       Similar to above but specifies a keyring of server secret keys to use (key
       type "keyring").  See the "Security" section.
  
   (*) RXRPC_EXCLUSIVE_CONNECTION
  
       This is used to request that new connections should be used for each call
       made subsequently on this socket.  optval should be NULL and optlen 0.
  
   (*) RXRPC_MIN_SECURITY_LEVEL
  
       This is used to specify the minimum security level required for calls on
       this socket.  optval must point to an int containing one of the following
       values:
  
       (a) RXRPC_SECURITY_PLAIN
  
  	 Encrypted checksum only.
  
       (b) RXRPC_SECURITY_AUTH
  
  	 Encrypted checksum plus packet padded and first eight bytes of packet
  	 encrypted - which includes the actual packet length.
  
       (c) RXRPC_SECURITY_ENCRYPTED
  
  	 Encrypted checksum plus entire packet padded and encrypted, including
  	 actual packet length.
  
  
  ========
  SECURITY
  ========
  
  Currently, only the kerberos 4 equivalent protocol has been implemented
  (security index 2 - rxkad).  This requires the rxkad module to be loaded and,
  on the client, tickets of the appropriate type to be obtained from the AFS
  kaserver or the kerberos server and installed as "rxrpc" type keys.  This is
  normally done using the klog program.  An example simple klog program can be
  found at:
  
  	http://people.redhat.com/~dhowells/rxrpc/klog.c
  
  The payload provided to add_key() on the client should be of the following
  form:
  
  	struct rxrpc_key_sec2_v1 {
  		uint16_t	security_index;	/* 2 */
  		uint16_t	ticket_length;	/* length of ticket[] */
  		uint32_t	expiry;		/* time at which expires */
  		uint8_t		kvno;		/* key version number */
  		uint8_t		__pad[3];
  		uint8_t		session_key[8];	/* DES session key */
  		uint8_t		ticket[0];	/* the encrypted ticket */
  	};
  
  Where the ticket blob is just appended to the above structure.
  
  
  For the server, keys of type "rxrpc_s" must be made available to the server.
  They have a description of "<serviceID>:<securityIndex>" (eg: "52:2" for an
  rxkad key for the AFS VL service).  When such a key is created, it should be
  given the server's secret key as the instantiation data (see the example
  below).
  
  	add_key("rxrpc_s", "52:2", secret_key, 8, keyring);
  
  A keyring is passed to the server socket by naming it in a sockopt.  The server
  socket then looks the server secret keys up in this keyring when secure
  incoming connections are made.  This can be seen in an example program that can
  be found at:
  
  	http://people.redhat.com/~dhowells/rxrpc/listen.c
  
  
  ====================
  EXAMPLE CLIENT USAGE
  ====================
  
  A client would issue an operation by:
  
   (1) An RxRPC socket is set up by:
  
  	client = socket(AF_RXRPC, SOCK_DGRAM, PF_INET);
  
       Where the third parameter indicates the protocol family of the transport
       socket used - usually IPv4 but it can also be IPv6 [TODO].
  
   (2) A local address can optionally be bound:
  
  	struct sockaddr_rxrpc srx = {
  		.srx_family	= AF_RXRPC,
  		.srx_service	= 0,  /* we're a client */
  		.transport_type	= SOCK_DGRAM,	/* type of transport socket */
  		.transport.sin_family	= AF_INET,
  		.transport.sin_port	= htons(7000), /* AFS callback */
  		.transport.sin_address	= 0,  /* all local interfaces */
  	};
  	bind(client, &srx, sizeof(srx));
  
       This specifies the local UDP port to be used.  If not given, a random
       non-privileged port will be used.  A UDP port may be shared between
       several unrelated RxRPC sockets.  Security is handled on a basis of
       per-RxRPC virtual connection.
  
   (3) The security is set:
  
  	const char *key = "AFS:cambridge.redhat.com";
  	setsockopt(client, SOL_RXRPC, RXRPC_SECURITY_KEY, key, strlen(key));
  
       This issues a request_key() to get the key representing the security
       context.  The minimum security level can be set:
  
  	unsigned int sec = RXRPC_SECURITY_ENCRYPTED;
  	setsockopt(client, SOL_RXRPC, RXRPC_MIN_SECURITY_LEVEL,
  		   &sec, sizeof(sec));
  
   (4) The server to be contacted can then be specified (alternatively this can
       be done through sendmsg):
  
  	struct sockaddr_rxrpc srx = {
  		.srx_family	= AF_RXRPC,
  		.srx_service	= VL_SERVICE_ID,
  		.transport_type	= SOCK_DGRAM,	/* type of transport socket */
  		.transport.sin_family	= AF_INET,
  		.transport.sin_port	= htons(7005), /* AFS volume manager */
  		.transport.sin_address	= ...,
  	};
  	connect(client, &srx, sizeof(srx));
  
   (5) The request data should then be posted to the server socket using a series
       of sendmsg() calls, each with the following control message attached:
  
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	- specifies the user ID for this call
  
       MSG_MORE should be set in msghdr::msg_flags on all but the last part of
       the request.  Multiple requests may be made simultaneously.
  
       If a call is intended to go to a destination other than the default
       specified through connect(), then msghdr::msg_name should be set on the
       first request message of that call.
  
   (6) The reply data will then be posted to the server socket for recvmsg() to
       pick up.  MSG_MORE will be flagged by recvmsg() if there's more reply data
       for a particular call to be read.  MSG_EOR will be set on the terminal
       read for a call.
  
       All data will be delivered with the following control message attached:
  
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	- specifies the user ID for this call
  
       If an abort or error occurred, this will be returned in the control data
       buffer instead, and MSG_EOR will be flagged to indicate the end of that
       call.
  
  
  ====================
  EXAMPLE SERVER USAGE
  ====================
  
  A server would be set up to accept operations in the following manner:
  
   (1) An RxRPC socket is created by:
  
  	server = socket(AF_RXRPC, SOCK_DGRAM, PF_INET);
  
       Where the third parameter indicates the address type of the transport
       socket used - usually IPv4.
  
   (2) Security is set up if desired by giving the socket a keyring with server
       secret keys in it:
  
  	keyring = add_key("keyring", "AFSkeys", NULL, 0,
  			  KEY_SPEC_PROCESS_KEYRING);
  
  	const char secret_key[8] = {
  		0xa7, 0x83, 0x8a, 0xcb, 0xc7, 0x83, 0xec, 0x94 };
  	add_key("rxrpc_s", "52:2", secret_key, 8, keyring);
  
  	setsockopt(server, SOL_RXRPC, RXRPC_SECURITY_KEYRING, "AFSkeys", 7);
  
       The keyring can be manipulated after it has been given to the socket. This
       permits the server to add more keys, replace keys, etc. whilst it is live.
  
   (2) A local address must then be bound:
  
  	struct sockaddr_rxrpc srx = {
  		.srx_family	= AF_RXRPC,
  		.srx_service	= VL_SERVICE_ID, /* RxRPC service ID */
  		.transport_type	= SOCK_DGRAM,	/* type of transport socket */
  		.transport.sin_family	= AF_INET,
  		.transport.sin_port	= htons(7000), /* AFS callback */
  		.transport.sin_address	= 0,  /* all local interfaces */
  	};
  	bind(server, &srx, sizeof(srx));
  
   (3) The server is then set to listen out for incoming calls:
  
  	listen(server, 100);
  
   (4) The kernel notifies the server of pending incoming connections by sending
       it a message for each.  This is received with recvmsg() on the server
       socket.  It has no data, and has a single dataless control message
       attached:
  
  	RXRPC_NEW_CALL
  
       The address that can be passed back by recvmsg() at this point should be
       ignored since the call for which the message was posted may have gone by
       the time it is accepted - in which case the first call still on the queue
       will be accepted.
  
   (5) The server then accepts the new call by issuing a sendmsg() with two
       pieces of control data and no actual data:
  
  	RXRPC_ACCEPT		- indicate connection acceptance
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	- specify user ID for this call
  
   (6) The first request data packet will then be posted to the server socket for
       recvmsg() to pick up.  At that point, the RxRPC address for the call can
       be read from the address fields in the msghdr struct.
  
       Subsequent request data will be posted to the server socket for recvmsg()
       to collect as it arrives.  All but the last piece of the request data will
       be delivered with MSG_MORE flagged.
  
       All data will be delivered with the following control message attached:
  
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	- specifies the user ID for this call
  
   (8) The reply data should then be posted to the server socket using a series
       of sendmsg() calls, each with the following control messages attached:
  
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	- specifies the user ID for this call
  
       MSG_MORE should be set in msghdr::msg_flags on all but the last message
       for a particular call.
  
   (9) The final ACK from the client will be posted for retrieval by recvmsg()
       when it is received.  It will take the form of a dataless message with two
       control messages attached:
  
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	- specifies the user ID for this call
  	RXRPC_ACK		- indicates final ACK (no data)
  
       MSG_EOR will be flagged to indicate that this is the final message for
       this call.
  
  (10) Up to the point the final packet of reply data is sent, the call can be
       aborted by calling sendmsg() with a dataless message with the following
       control messages attached:
  
  	RXRPC_USER_CALL_ID	- specifies the user ID for this call
  	RXRPC_ABORT		- indicates abort code (4 byte data)
  
       Any packets waiting in the socket's receive queue will be discarded if
       this is issued.
  
  Note that all the communications for a particular service take place through
  the one server socket, using control messages on sendmsg() and recvmsg() to
  determine the call affected.
  
  
  =========================
  AF_RXRPC KERNEL INTERFACE
  =========================
  
  The AF_RXRPC module also provides an interface for use by in-kernel utilities
  such as the AFS filesystem.  This permits such a utility to:
  
   (1) Use different keys directly on individual client calls on one socket
       rather than having to open a whole slew of sockets, one for each key it
       might want to use.
  
   (2) Avoid having RxRPC call request_key() at the point of issue of a call or
       opening of a socket.  Instead the utility is responsible for requesting a
       key at the appropriate point.  AFS, for instance, would do this during VFS
       operations such as open() or unlink().  The key is then handed through
       when the call is initiated.
  
   (3) Request the use of something other than GFP_KERNEL to allocate memory.
  
   (4) Avoid the overhead of using the recvmsg() call.  RxRPC messages can be
       intercepted before they get put into the socket Rx queue and the socket
       buffers manipulated directly.
  
  To use the RxRPC facility, a kernel utility must still open an AF_RXRPC socket,
  bind an address as appropriate and listen if it's to be a server socket, but
  then it passes this to the kernel interface functions.
  
  The kernel interface functions are as follows:
  
   (*) Begin a new client call.
  
  	struct rxrpc_call *
  	rxrpc_kernel_begin_call(struct socket *sock,
  				struct sockaddr_rxrpc *srx,
  				struct key *key,
  				unsigned long user_call_ID,
  				gfp_t gfp);
  
       This allocates the infrastructure to make a new RxRPC call and assigns
       call and connection numbers.  The call will be made on the UDP port that
       the socket is bound to.  The call will go to the destination address of a
       connected client socket unless an alternative is supplied (srx is
       non-NULL).
  
       If a key is supplied then this will be used to secure the call instead of
       the key bound to the socket with the RXRPC_SECURITY_KEY sockopt.  Calls
       secured in this way will still share connections if at all possible.
  
       The user_call_ID is equivalent to that supplied to sendmsg() in the
       control data buffer.  It is entirely feasible to use this to point to a
       kernel data structure.
  
       If this function is successful, an opaque reference to the RxRPC call is
       returned.  The caller now holds a reference on this and it must be
       properly ended.
  
   (*) End a client call.
  
  	void rxrpc_kernel_end_call(struct rxrpc_call *call);
  
       This is used to end a previously begun call.  The user_call_ID is expunged
       from AF_RXRPC's knowledge and will not be seen again in association with
       the specified call.
  
   (*) Send data through a call.
  
  	int rxrpc_kernel_send_data(struct rxrpc_call *call, struct msghdr *msg,
  				   size_t len);
  
       This is used to supply either the request part of a client call or the
       reply part of a server call.  msg.msg_iovlen and msg.msg_iov specify the
       data buffers to be used.  msg_iov may not be NULL and must point
       exclusively to in-kernel virtual addresses.  msg.msg_flags may be given
       MSG_MORE if there will be subsequent data sends for this call.
  
       The msg must not specify a destination address, control data or any flags
       other than MSG_MORE.  len is the total amount of data to transmit.
  
   (*) Abort a call.
  
  	void rxrpc_kernel_abort_call(struct rxrpc_call *call, u32 abort_code);
  
       This is used to abort a call if it's still in an abortable state.  The
       abort code specified will be placed in the ABORT message sent.
  
   (*) Intercept received RxRPC messages.
  
  	typedef void (*rxrpc_interceptor_t)(struct sock *sk,
  					    unsigned long user_call_ID,
  					    struct sk_buff *skb);
  
  	void
  	rxrpc_kernel_intercept_rx_messages(struct socket *sock,
  					   rxrpc_interceptor_t interceptor);
  
       This installs an interceptor function on the specified AF_RXRPC socket.
       All messages that would otherwise wind up in the socket's Rx queue are
       then diverted to this function.  Note that care must be taken to process
       the messages in the right order to maintain DATA message sequentiality.
  
       The interceptor function itself is provided with the address of the socket
       and handling the incoming message, the ID assigned by the kernel utility
       to the call and the socket buffer containing the message.
  
       The skb->mark field indicates the type of message:
  
  	MARK				MEANING
  	===============================	=======================================
  	RXRPC_SKB_MARK_DATA		Data message
  	RXRPC_SKB_MARK_FINAL_ACK	Final ACK received for an incoming call
  	RXRPC_SKB_MARK_BUSY		Client call rejected as server busy
  	RXRPC_SKB_MARK_REMOTE_ABORT	Call aborted by peer
  	RXRPC_SKB_MARK_NET_ERROR	Network error detected
  	RXRPC_SKB_MARK_LOCAL_ERROR	Local error encountered
  	RXRPC_SKB_MARK_NEW_CALL		New incoming call awaiting acceptance
  
       The remote abort message can be probed with rxrpc_kernel_get_abort_code().
       The two error messages can be probed with rxrpc_kernel_get_error_number().
       A new call can be accepted with rxrpc_kernel_accept_call().
  
       Data messages can have their contents extracted with the usual bunch of
       socket buffer manipulation functions.  A data message can be determined to
       be the last one in a sequence with rxrpc_kernel_is_data_last().  When a
       data message has been used up, rxrpc_kernel_data_delivered() should be
       called on it..
  
       Non-data messages should be handled to rxrpc_kernel_free_skb() to dispose
       of.  It is possible to get extra refs on all types of message for later
       freeing, but this may pin the state of a call until the message is finally
       freed.
  
   (*) Accept an incoming call.
  
  	struct rxrpc_call *
  	rxrpc_kernel_accept_call(struct socket *sock,
  				 unsigned long user_call_ID);
  
       This is used to accept an incoming call and to assign it a call ID.  This
       function is similar to rxrpc_kernel_begin_call() and calls accepted must
       be ended in the same way.
  
       If this function is successful, an opaque reference to the RxRPC call is
       returned.  The caller now holds a reference on this and it must be
       properly ended.
  
   (*) Reject an incoming call.
  
  	int rxrpc_kernel_reject_call(struct socket *sock);
  
       This is used to reject the first incoming call on the socket's queue with
       a BUSY message.  -ENODATA is returned if there were no incoming calls.
       Other errors may be returned if the call had been aborted (-ECONNABORTED)
       or had timed out (-ETIME).
  
   (*) Record the delivery of a data message and free it.
  
  	void rxrpc_kernel_data_delivered(struct sk_buff *skb);
  
       This is used to record a data message as having been delivered and to
       update the ACK state for the call.  The socket buffer will be freed.
  
   (*) Free a message.
  
  	void rxrpc_kernel_free_skb(struct sk_buff *skb);
  
       This is used to free a non-DATA socket buffer intercepted from an AF_RXRPC
       socket.
  
   (*) Determine if a data message is the last one on a call.
  
  	bool rxrpc_kernel_is_data_last(struct sk_buff *skb);
  
       This is used to determine if a socket buffer holds the last data message
       to be received for a call (true will be returned if it does, false
       if not).
  
       The data message will be part of the reply on a client call and the
       request on an incoming call.  In the latter case there will be more
       messages, but in the former case there will not.
  
   (*) Get the abort code from an abort message.
  
  	u32 rxrpc_kernel_get_abort_code(struct sk_buff *skb);
  
       This is used to extract the abort code from a remote abort message.
  
   (*) Get the error number from a local or network error message.
  
  	int rxrpc_kernel_get_error_number(struct sk_buff *skb);
  
       This is used to extract the error number from a message indicating either
       a local error occurred or a network error occurred.
  
   (*) Allocate a null key for doing anonymous security.
  
  	struct key *rxrpc_get_null_key(const char *keyname);
  
       This is used to allocate a null RxRPC key that can be used to indicate
       anonymous security for a particular domain.